Some books are peer reviewed before they are published.
Most books that are selected and held by university libraries are "scholarly" rather than general or popular in nature, emerging from an editorial publishing process that ensures their relevance, currency, quality and accuracy (for example).
"Peer review" most often occurs when a manuscript is submitted for potential publication as a journal article, rather than in the context of those for books, although some books may be peer-reviewed. Neither are all journal articles necessarily peer-reviewed.
I have attached a useful FAQ link from the Cambridge Libraries describing the peer review process for scholarly books and articles.
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